Volcanoes: Mountains of Fire

What You'll Learn

Volcanoes form where magma from the mantle reaches Earth's surface. Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes with flowing lava, while composite volcanoes are steep with explosive eruptions.

Key Words

anemometer
rock cycle
aquifer

Materials Needed

rocks
sand
clay
water

Safety First

Work in a well-ventilated area when using vinegar or other strong-smelling substances.
Dispose of materials properly after the experiment.
Handle glass items carefully to avoid breakage.

Steps

Step 1 — Read

Look at the vocabulary words and write a definition for each in your own words.

Step 2 — Do

Build a working model of a volcano using baking soda and vinegar. Observe the eruption and explain what causes real volcanic eruptions.

Step 3 — Observe

Draw a detailed diagram of what you observe.

Step 4 — Record

Write a conclusion: what did your results show? Did they match your prediction?

Check Your Understanding

Question 1

1 of 3

What is the difference between weather and climate?