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Lesson 14 of 20 · Problem Solving

Scenariointermediate

Problem Solving — Argument Building

What You'll Learn

Develop your argument building skills with real-world applications and challenges. This scenario builds problem solving abilities step by step, helping you become a stronger, more independent thinker. Why does this matter? Argument Building is a skill that will help you in school, in friendships, and in solving real-world problems. People who master this skill make better decisions and understand the world more clearly. Here's the process: Step 1 — Define the challenge. What exactly are you trying to figure out? Being specific about the question is half the battle. Step 2 — Gather information. What facts do you have? What might be missing? Not all information is equally useful — focus on what's relevant. Step 3 — Consider multiple options. Don't stop at your first idea. Challenge yourself to think of at least three alternatives. Often the best answer is one you didn't think of immediately. Step 4 — Evaluate your options. What are the pros and cons of each? What evidence supports each one? Which option has the strongest reasoning behind it? Step 5 — Make your choice and explain your reasoning. "I think ___ because ___" is the formula. Being able to explain your thinking is just as important as getting the right answer. Step 6 — Reflect. Was your approach effective? What would you do differently next time? This reflection step is how good thinkers become great thinkers.

Key Concept: Argument Building

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Think About This

You realize that an assumption you held about argument building might be wrong. How do you handle updating your beliefs in light of new evidence?

Thinking Steps

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Define

State the problem or question about argument building in your own words. Be specific.

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Investigate

What evidence or information is available? What might be missing?

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Consider Angles

Look at this from at least two perspectives. What would someone who disagrees say?

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Reason It Out

Connect evidence to your conclusion: 'The evidence shows X, which means Y, because Z.'

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Test Your Thinking

Could you be wrong? What evidence would change your mind? Rate your confidence 1-10.

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Reflect & Connect

What thinking skill did you use? How could you apply this to something in your real life?

Key Points

1

Understand argument building

2

Practice problem solving daily

3

Apply thinking skills to real-world situations

Key Vocabulary

Optimization

Making a solution as good as it can be

Root Cause

The real, underlying reason a problem happens

Iteration

Improving something by trying again and again

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Why This Matters in Real Life

The design thinking process used in this lesson is the same process used at companies like Apple, Google, and IDEO to create products used by billions of people.

Talk About It

Discuss these questions with a friend, parent, or classmate.

  • 1Give a real-world example where argument building would help you make a better decision.
  • 2What's the most common mistake people make with this kind of thinking?
  • 3How does this thinking skill connect to other subjects you study in school?
  • 4If you had to teach this to a younger student, what's the ONE thing you'd make sure they understood?

Check Your Understanding

Question 1

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What is the main idea of argument building?